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White-collar crime in cyber time: the role of opportunity in committing financial crime online

Karvonen, Maria; Fedina, Alla
Master thesis
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2040399.pdf (2.277Mb)
dataset MSc Thesis.xlsx (48.43Kb)
Preliminary_150118.pdf (625.3Kb)
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http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2579512
Utgivelsesdato
2018
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Samlinger
  • Master of Science [1116]
Sammendrag
The advent and expansion of Internet-enabled technology made likely the

accomplishment of remarkable improvements in research, expertise, and

communication. Unfortunately, computers and the Internet have furthermore

supplied a new natural environment for crime. As pointed out by Jaishankar (2011),

with the introduction of the Internet and subsequent possibilities, various forms of

crime that have long existed before computer access require altered definitions to

include the new ways these crimes can be committed.

This paper provides with an overview on white-collar crime and suggests

that committing financial crime online or through computer-enabled technologies

becomes more attractive for the offenders from opportunity perspective of the

convenience theory. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the discussion

on white-collar crime by identifying several characteristics of cyberspace that

increase an attractiveness of engaging in online crime and finding the specifics of

committing that crime from different perspectives in cyber context, followed by

providing a foundation for further research in this field.

As a result of the study, there were severalised advantageous characteristics

of the Internet related to crime category, criminals, crime type, situations and

convenience dimensions. The findings of this research suggest ten factors that make

online crime more attractive and convenient option. Seven of these factors were

obtained through analysis of secondary and primary data: disconnected nature of

personal communication, anonymity, geographical and timing distance, network

size effect, low cost standard, no need for violence, and weak law regulation. The

remaining three factors were empirically identified by experts in the field of

cybersecurity and financial crime: larger rewards and returns on investment;

automatization of the crime; and the dematerialisation of the crime. The findings

also suggest that factors differ in terms of their positioning status. However, the

results also indicate disagreement of experts with some of the stated hypothesis.

Future research is necessary and encourages to examine the need to continue

the academic discourse regarding the boundaries of white-collar crime and whitecollar

cybercrime.

Finally, we consider gamification methods in employee training as a

prevention strategy that could help organizations to mitigate the threat of cyberattacks.

Due to high significance of the subject in the organizational context, there

was provided a detailed overview of the topic.

Key words: white-collar crime, cyber, cyber attack, cybercrime, technology,

convenience theory, opportunity, financial crime, gamification, training.
Beskrivelse
Masteroppgave(MSc) in Master of Science in Leadership and Organizational Psychology - Handelshøyskolen BI, 2018
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Handelshøyskolen BI

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