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dc.contributor.authorGottschalk, Petter
dc.contributor.authorMarkovic, Vesna
dc.date.accessioned2016-07-01T13:12:20Z
dc.date.available2016-07-01T13:12:20Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.identifier.citationInternational Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences 11(2016) 1:30 - 44nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn0973-5089
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2395271
dc.descriptionThis is the article as published by the journal (open access). Available at http://www.sascv.org/ijcjs/nb_NO
dc.description.abstractTransnational crime organizations (TCOs) represent a challenge to societies all over the world. This article explores combating criminal biker gangs, where stakeholders in the community and governments vary in their responses. These stakeholders include the government, law enforcers, courts, and the communities. The variation in responses is conceptualized in terms of a four stage of growth model. This model includes criminal biker gang members being treated as movie stars, individual criminals, organized criminals, and finally, enemies of the state. A stage model is a theoretical approach to understanding different levels of maturity in combating criminal biker gangs. Due to the great presence and threat from biker gangs, Norway and Australia are used as examples to illustrate the model. Further research should involve developing existing and new criteria for determination of maturity level in combating biker gangs, as well as applying such criteria to other countries with large biker gang populations.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherSouth Asian Society of Criminology and Victimology (SASCV)nb_NO
dc.titleTransnational Criminal Organizations (TCOs): The Case of Combating Criminal Biker Gangsnb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.source.journalInternational Journal of Criminal Justice Sciencesnb_NO
dc.description.localcode1,OAnb_NO


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