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Transnational Criminal Organizations (TCOs): The Case of Combating Criminal Biker Gangs

Gottschalk, Petter; Markovic, Vesna
Journal article, Peer reviewed
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2395271
Date
2016
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  • Scientific articles [2147]
Original version
International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences 11(2016) 1:30 - 44  
Abstract
Transnational crime organizations (TCOs) represent a challenge to societies all over the world. This

article explores combating criminal biker gangs, where stakeholders in the community and governments

vary in their responses. These stakeholders include the government, law enforcers, courts, and the

communities. The variation in responses is conceptualized in terms of a four stage of growth model.

This model includes criminal biker gang members being treated as movie stars, individual criminals,

organized criminals, and finally, enemies of the state. A stage model is a theoretical approach to

understanding different levels of maturity in combating criminal biker gangs. Due to the great presence

and threat from biker gangs, Norway and Australia are used as examples to illustrate the model.

Further research should involve developing existing and new criteria for determination of maturity

level in combating biker gangs, as well as applying such criteria to other countries with large biker

gang populations.
Description
This is the article as published by the journal (open access). Available at http://www.sascv.org/ijcjs/
Publisher
South Asian Society of Criminology and Victimology (SASCV)
Journal
International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences

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