• Searching for flavor labels in food products: the influence of color-flavor congruence and association strength 

      Velasco, Carlos; Wan, Xiaoang; Knöferle, Klemens; Zhou, Xi; Salgado-Montejo, Alejandro; Spence, Charles (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015)
      Prior research provides robust support for the existence of a number of associations between colors and flavors. In the present study, we examined whether congruent (vs. incongruent) combinations of product packaging colors ...
    • The taste of typefaces in different countries and languages 

      Velasco, Carlos; Woods, Andy T.; Wan, Xiaoang; Salgado-Montejo, Alejandro; Bernal-Torres, Cesar; Cheok, Adrian David; Spence, Charles (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      People associate tastes and taste words (e.g., “bitter,” “sweet,” etc.) with shape features in predictable ways. In the present study, we evaluate how the curvature and boldness of typeface influences the gustatory taste ...
    • Universal patterns in color-emotion associations are further shaped by linguistic and geographic proximity 

      Jonauskaite, Domicele; Abu-Akel, Ahmad; Dael, Nele; Oberfeld, Daniel; Abdel-Khalek, Ahmed M.; Al-Rasheed, Abdulrahman Saud; Antonietti, Jean-Philippe; Bogushevskaya, Victoria; Chamseddine, Amer; Chkonia, Eka; Corona, Violeta; Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo; Griber, Yulia A.; Grimshaw, Gina M.; Hasan, Aya Ahmed; Havelka, Jelena; Hirnstein, Marco; Karlsson, Bodil S.A.; Laurent, Eric; Lindeman, Marjaana; Marquardt, Lynn Anne; Mefoh, Philip; Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta; Pérez-Albéniz, Alicia; Pouyan, Niloufar; Roinishvili, Maya; Romanyuk, Lyudmyla; Salgado-Montejo, Alejandro; Schrag, Yann; Sultanova, Aygun; Uusküla, Mari; Vainio, Suvi; Wąsowicz, Grażyna; Zdravković, Sunčica; Zhang, Meng; Mohr, Christine (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Many of us “see red,” “feel blue,” or “turn green with envy.” Are such color-emotion associations fundamental to our shared cognitive architecture, or are they cultural creations learned through our languages and traditions? ...