• Bringing corporate governance into internalization theory: State ownership and foreign entry strategies 

      Grøgaard, Birgitte; Rygh, Asmund; Benito, Gabriel R G (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      We use internalization theory to analyze the establishment and entry mode decisions of state-owned (SOE) and privately owned (POE) enterprises. We enrich internalization theory by building on insights from economic theory ...
    • Complexity and multinationals 

      Larsen, Marcus Møller; Birkinshaw, Julian; Zhou, Yue Maggie; Benito, Gabriel R G (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Research Summary The multinational corporation (MNC) is a typical example of a complex organization. In this essay, we employ an established body of literature on complexity in organizations to explore and discuss the ...
    • Dealing with headquarters in the multinational corporation: A subsidiary perspective on organizing costs 

      Lunnan, Randi; Tomassen, Sverre; Andersson, Ulf; Benito, Gabriel R G (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      This study examines how subsidiaries in multinational corporations (MNCs) experience interactions with corporate headquarters. We conceptualize such interactions in terms of organizing costs, focusing on two key types of ...
    • Dealing with high-risk environments: Institutional-based tools to reduce political risk costs 

      Adarkwah, Gilbert Kofi; Benito, Gabriel R G (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      The international business (IB) literature on political risk mitigation has assigned explanatory preeminence to the organizational capabilities of multinational corporations (MNCs). The literature has assumed that political ...
    • Dynamics of Operation Modes: Switches and Additions. 

      Benito, Gabriel R G; Petersen, Bent; Welch, Lawrence S. (Chapter, 2021)
      This chapter takes stock of fifty years of research on mode dynamics—that is, the decisions to switch and add operation modes in a foreign country—as a central international business strategy phenomenon. Numerous studies ...
    • Institutions and inward foreign direct investment in the primary sectors 

      Rygh, Asmund; Torgersen, Kristine; Benito, Gabriel R G (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Abstract Purpose Well-functioning institutions are repeatedly claimed to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) by reducing the costs and uncertainty of economic activity. Nonetheless, it has been argued that institutions ...
    • Roles and strategies of foreign MNE subsidiaries in New Zealand 

      Raziq, Muhammad Mustafa; Benito, Gabriel R G; Toulson, Paul; Malik, Omer; Ahmad, Mansoor (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      This study examines the roles and strategies of foreign-owned subsidiaries in New Zealand, with the aim to develop an improved classification of subsidiaries of multinational enterprises (MNE). Previous research has proposed ...
    • Subsidiary country managers and subsidiary development: Upper echelons and resource-based perspectives 

      Raziq, Muhammad Mustafa; Benito, Gabriel R G; Igoe, Josephine (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      This article examines the relationship between subsidiary country manager-level factors and subsidiary development. As existing research on subsidiaries in multinational enterprises has focused on the organizational level, ...
    • The global value chain and internalization theory 

      Benito, Gabriel R G; Petersen, Bent; Welch, Lawrence S. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      In a research note in this issue, Strange and Humphrey discuss how a global value chain (GVC) approach serves to usefully move internalization theory towards a better understanding of the increasingly important ‘middle ...